Women in Islam

Women in Islam Islamic religion began in Arabia as a revelation to humanity by the Prophet Muhammad. This was in stages over a period of twenty three years. Believers of Islam are known as Muslims. Muslims believe that there is only one God. The Arabic word for God is Allah. In Islam the Holy book Known as the Quran serves as a guide to the Islam beliefs, morals and behaviors. In Islam, there are several behaviors that are expected of the women. Women are expected to be modest and respectful. More so, Islam has always appreciated the femininity of the woman and regarded her as playing a role integral to that of the man, and similarly regarded the man as playing a role integral to that of the woman. Neither of them is an adversary or a competitor to the other. Rather, each is a help to the other in attaining the relative perfection of his or her person. The most significant character in women is their dressing. Islam women are required to follow the Hijab. According to Roald (p.14), the Hijab is the principle of modesty and includes behavior as well as dress for both males and females. The most visible form of Hijab is the head covering that many Muslim women wear. Hijab however goes beyond the head scarf. In one popular school of Islamic thought, Hijab refers to the complete covering of everything except the hands, face and feet in long, loose and non see-through garments. A woman who wears Hijab is called Muhaajaba. Muslim women are required to observe the Hijab in front of any man they could theoretically marry. In the earlier times, the status of women in Islam has always been a contentious one with women being considered as being lesser beings than their male counterparts. Indeed, this draws back to the early times when women were only represented by their husbands in public places. Moreover, Islam does not allow women to mix freely with men. A country that still practices this form of gender segregation is Saudi Arabia. In Saudi Arabia, women sit separately from men even in meetings and other social events. They learn in different learning and educational institutions. They also have their own recreational facilities such as the swimming pools among others. In fact, Nieuwkerk (p.32) reveals that the earlier Islamic teachings encouraged the oppression of women in the Islamic context. This has however changed with the western civilization as the Islamic women are given voice and their opinions respected even in public forums. The critics of women rights in the Islam context use the Quran as their point of argument that women should be oppressed though there is no such direct statement made in the Quran. There are certain aspects that were traditional poised towards a certain direction but have however changed due to the incorporation of the western civilization. For instance, women in Islam were supposed to be extremely submissive to their husbands while at the same time ensuring that they have no voice in matter of marriage. They were traditionally married off to their suitors. This has changed in the modern world with the women being allowed to negotiate their way out. In fact, women in the modern world in the Islam context fall in love with the man of their choice before they are proposed to, making the entire process a real process. Furthermore, the womens dress code famously known as the Hijab has been a major bone of contention among modern Muslims. Traditionally, Muslim women were never allowed to walk out in public without the full attire comprising of the Hijab. This seems to be less strict with most Hijabs taking a new avenue of fashion where they are not just black veils, big and bulky on the women. Todays Hijabs are designed to accentuate the womans figure and therefore celebrate women as an imperative being. In addition, traditionally, women especially girls were given less priority when it came to education than their male counterparts in Islam. This was because, nobody really believed in educating girls since they would eventually be married off to capable and able men. However, in the modern times, this has changed drastically with many women opting to pursue career challenges and eventually becoming career women just like the rest of them. Critics have viewed this as a U-turn to the traditional perception. There continues to be growing misunderstanding in the way women should be treated in the modern context. Just recently, France was in the spotlight with its president refusing girls to wear headgears while attending class. This threatened to get out of hand until the law was relaxed. Islam on the other hand, is to blame for it has viewed women as incapable persons. In the employment circles, women were preferred for jobs that were not so demanding as such. This has prompted several protests until employers had to discard some of the Islam teachings that prohibited the employment of Islamic women. For instance, the famous international Muslim TV station, Al-Jazeera has employed a sizeable number of female presenters. Consequently, women were never allowed in Islam to take a political lead in the society. More often than not, the women were merely left to be house wives with very little to call their own in terms of authority and possessions. The introduction of the western civilization has rescued women from the fathomless non political participation as more and more women take up political responsibility, perhaps devoid of what used to be of them before then. Finally, women in Islam were traditionally not allowed to own or possess material assets such as land and the like. This therefore hampered the way in which the women could grow financially. Similarly, inheritance was strictly a preserve of the male dependants (Asgharali, p.17). This meant that women were never allowed to inherit a thing from their deceased relatives or parents. However, things have changed with the advent of the western civilization as more and more women have become heirs in very clearly acknowledged circumstances. Works Cited Asgharali, Engineer. The rights of women in Islam. Edinburgh: C. Hurst Co. Publishers, 1992. Nieuwkerk, Karin van. Women embracing Islam: gender and conversion in the West. Berlin: University of Texas Press, 2006. Roald, Anne Sofie. Women in Islam: the Western experience. New York: Routledge, 2001. â€Å"Women in Islam.† Retrieved July 29, 2009 from http://www.islamfortoday.com/women.htm

Fifth Business – Reaction to Adversities

Adversity is the most important factor in shaping character and/or identity. Assess the validity of this statement with reference to Fifth Business. Identity is individual characteristics by which a person is known or recognized. In Fifth Business, a character’s reaction to adversity is the foundation to shaping identity. Others may not know what the adversity is but they observe the way a person is acting. The composure held in rough situations allows people to formulate opinions based on these reactions. This is shown through the challenges of dealing with guilt, trying to achieve being better than others and trying to escape their past identities. A main adversity faced in Fifth Business is guilt. The guilt that the characters Dunstan and Boy feel mainly revolve around the snowball incident with Mrs. Mary Dempster. Everybody had heard about the snowball incident however only Dunstan and Boy knew the truth about who threw the snowball. Although Dunstan was truly not at fault he felt responsible because the snowball was meant for him. His mother then began making him invest time into caring for the Dempster’s and he did it without protest because he felt he need to make the situation right. â€Å"We knew your Ma must have sent you. She couldn’t do anything publicly, of course, but she sent you to look after them. Everybody knew an’ honoured her for it. † (p99) The people saw that his mother and his actions were honourable. As Dunstan ages, people’s perception of his dealings with Mary Dempster changes and his link to her makes him seem queer. Eventually even his mother was upset with Dunstan’s obsession with Mrs. Dempster. She was very upset that Dunstan would bring this woman into their home. â€Å"What under Heaven had possessed [Dunstan] to turn to that woman, not only to their home but to the very beside of a boy who was dangerously ill? † (p55) Then, Dunstan had â€Å"insisted that Willie had indeed died. No pulse; no breathing. † (p. 55) He had expressed how he felt about Willie’s â€Å"death† and was disregarded by people telling him to let it go. Dr.  McClausland says to Dunstan â€Å"I think you may safely leave it to me to say when peopled are dead, Dunny. † (p55) Milo Papple even says â€Å"Do you remember when you said that Mrs. Dempster raised Willie from the dead? God, you used to be a crazy kid†¦ â€Å" (p99) He continued on to find 2 more miracles by Mary Dempster. This revelation guided him to begin studying saints and in turn his reputation was jeopardized. â€Å"It’s this saint business of yours. Of course your books are splendid. But if you were a father would you want to send your son a school headed by an authority on saints? (p187) That is what Boy had said to Dunstan regarding why he was being let go from being Headmaster. Alternatively, Boy’s key role in making Mrs. Dempster simple forced a different reaction from him. Boy as a kid chose to ignore the fact that it was his fault. Dunstan views him as a coward and ruthless. â€Å"I knew that he was afraid, and I knew also that he would fight, lie, do anything rather than admit what I knew. † (p17) He spends so much energy on pushing the situation out of his mind that by the time he is older, he has no recollection of her all together. [Dunstan] could hardly believe he spoke the truth, but as we talked on I had to accept it as a fact that he had so far edited his memory of his early days that the incident of the snowball had quite vanished from his mind. † (p251) Boy’s indifference to the situation benefited him in a sense that because he knew that if he acted like he had no connection with Mrs. Dempster that his identity would not be compromised. The reactions from Dunstan and Boy are almost completely opposite and so people viewed them differently. Paul Dempster also treated his guilt differently than the other two. As Paul Dempster he ran away from home and people saw this as something that was prone to happen because his mother was simple. Although they did not recognize that it was because â€Å"[his] father thought it was his duty to tell [Paul], so [he] could do whatever possible to make it up to her. † (p251) As he created a new persona for himself he also found a new way to cope with his guilt by sending her money and Dunstan â€Å"was able to transfer Mrs. Dempster from the public wards of that hateful city asylum to a much better hospital near a small town. (p220) This shows that he is a good person and with success he still holds composure. Another challenge in the novel involved trying to be better than others. Boy Staunton was the golden boy from Deptford. He was always very successful and recognized. During the first war he became an officer and â€Å"was wearing a few medals, the admirable D. S. O. but otherwise minor things. † (p93) Boy went on to pursue a very successful career in the sugar business. As well, he struggled to pursue a career in politics although unsuccessful he did later become Lieutenant Governor. Old Doc Staunton’s annoyance at being outsmarted by his son had given way to his cupidity.. † (p142) All his successes sprung out of wanting to be better than his peers and his father and he succeeded. Another part of his image involves Leola being as educated and cultured as she possibly can. â€Å"She had learned to curtsy very prettily†¦ and do other courtier things required by Boy. † (p119) Yet still he still faced the challenge of her not being able to keep up. â€Å"She was trying hard but she could not keep with Boy’s social advancement. (p143) People see Boy as the golden Boy and Magnus Eisengrim even says â€Å"I remember you very well. I always thought of you as the Rich Young Ruler. † (p249) In the end, he took the challenge of being more successful and dominated it and in the end he was known and respected. â€Å"[Denyse] did achieve a very fine turnout of important people, and others who were important because they represented somebody important. † (p243) This refers to Boy’s funeral and this shows how he had finished his life as a successful man. Paul was constantly teased by kids because they would say things like â€Å"’Hey Paul, does your Ma wear pants? and stuff like that. † (p99) Milo Papple tells Dunstan that Paul ran away with the circus and â€Å"it made him kind of a hero after he’d gone. † (p99) He became a very successful magician and people thought he was magnificent. They never knew that his success came from him trying to erase the image of him being simple Mary Dempster’s son because â€Å"[he] could call up in an instant what it felt like to be the child of a woman everybody jeered at and thought a dirty joke† (p 251) Paul had to get away to ensure that he made a better name for himself. Their success is attributed to their obstacle to be better than others. Lastly, the challenge of separating their past identities also shapes their current identities. The three central characters use a name change to represent their new identities. They try to change the person they are and in turn people do view that as different people. Dunstan was originally named Dunstable Ramsay but after the war he met a Diana, a nurse whom he had his first real relationship with, who decided to change his name. Diana said â€Å"it’s hard to say for one thing and it sounds like a cart running over cobblestones for another. You’ll never get anywhere in the world named Dumbledum Ramsay. † (p85) She felt that his name didn’t represent the successful person that he could be with a better name. Diana said that he represented the Saint Dunstan in many ways because â€Å"St. Dunstan was a marvellous person and very much like [Dunstan] – mad about learning, terribly stiff and stern and scowly, and an absolute wizard at withstanding temptation. † (p85) He likes this persona of himself and â€Å"the idea of a new name; it suggested new freedom and personality. (p86) Boy Staunton, formerly known as Percy Boyd Staunton also changed his name. Somewhere along his army career decided that Boy Staunton was a name more fit for him. The name Boy represents the stellar and young gentlemen that he is. â€Å"He was boy Staunton because he summed up in himself so much of the glory of youth in the postwar period. † (p102) His name shows his success in his glorified youth. â€Å"He seemed to have made himself out of nothing, and he was a marvel. † (p103) Another name change that denotes an air of eloquence is Paul Dempster’s name change to Magnus Eisengrim. As Paul Dempster he had many misfortunes and zero success. As Magnus Eisengrim he has a wonderful show that awes the public. He says â€Å"My name is Magnus Eisengrim that is who I am and that is how the world knows me. † (p249) His reaction to escaping his past identity when he changed his name â€Å"he did not present himself as a funny-man but as one who offered an entertainment of mystery and beauty, with perhaps a hint of terror as well. † (p192) Dunstan had it right when he said â€Å"[they] had all rejected [their] beginnings and became something that their parents could not have forseen. (p252) The characters past identities did not satisfy how they viewed themselves and their challenge to erase who they were allowed them to create a new name that characterized a new identity. The characters in Fifth Business shape identities when they react to adversities. The way they are recognized is due to the actions they take to face these challenges. The most prominent challenges in Roberson Davis’ novel are the challenge of a guilty conscience, being better than others and escaping past identities. People react to one adversity differently and a good or bad identity depends on their reactions.

Education System India Essay

Education is a co-current state level subjects and under the Indian Constitution education is made a Fundamental Right and Directive Principles of State Policy further needed free education and other facilities to children. There is no discrimination among the people on the basis of religion, caste or creed/faith etc. However, the minorities are given right to run their own educational institutions with financial aid from Government and they are free to introduce their religion, language in their institution. Education is compulsory and free upto primary standard. Indian education system has a wide structure and the educational institutions can introduce the education or learning pattern as below VA years in pre-nursery schools, in the primary schools upto V class or so. Education is further upgraded upto 10+2 system where the examinations are conducted by the Board at 10 and 12. Thereafter, students are free to choose the courses of their own at any stage, i.e. primary, secondary, s enior secondary level. Schools are of different levels. Local Boards run the schools upto Primary, V standard, both in mother tongue and English medium. Thereafter the schools may upgrade themselves upto X known as Secondary schools. They can also be upgraded upto 12, called Senior Secondary schools. The education is a co-current (state level) subject and the Central Government cannot interfere in their functioning. As such schools are pre- primary, pre-nursery, then primary, secondary and senior secondary run both by the private bodies as well as by Government. Indian schools are not as well organised as they are expected. Private/Public school charge high fee and have control on their institution. They only need the registration by the Centre/State Government or their Bodies and Management. While the Education Department has a loose control over these Private/ Public Schools government has its own schools where the normal fee is charged and the students belong with poor section of society. Overall the condition of government schools is pathetic. At state level School Education has its own organisational set up. Under this democratic set up Education Deptt is supported by the Minister of Education who has a Secretary of Education to supervise the Department with the help of Director Education who belongs to I.A.S. cadre of service. The Department is further divided into districts Deputy, Joint Directors to look after the working of schools. Under the educational system Central Board Secondary Education (C.B.S.E) is set up to maintain, the quality in Education and provide minimum qualification of the teaching staff and other necessary requirement for the school and conduct the Exams 10 and 12 standard. It has a control over both Public Private and Government Schools. After the exam; issues certificates of 10th and 12th class/standard this student who passed the Examination. C B.S.E. has its office in New Delhi. Under the Education system to keep the hi standard of Education and to maintain to quality Education an independent body is set up known N.C.E.R.T. that is National Council of Educatio n Research and Training with its Headquarters at N Delhi. This institution published textbooks for t school on all subjects and has a panel of specialists its list. The books are to be taught at schools in t country. It also conducts the competitive examination at all India level for the talent search from primary lei upto graduation and provides stipend or sponsors to that highly talented students. Teachers are the backbone of the educational system in India. Government has set up a permanent body for the selection of the teachers known as N.C.T. i.e. National Council of Teachers Education. It conducts the training and selection of the teachers and provides certificate/degree for the teachers which are an essential qualification for the teachers who seek the employment in teaching schools known as B.Ed, or Shastri education. MIEPA in set up by the Government to look after the administration and planning of education in the country the body is known as National Institute of Educational Planning and Administration. It looks ail the work of the educational /teaching/administration under the ministry of HRD an autonomous body. Kendriya Vidyalay Organisation (KVO) was set up under the Education Ministry, Government of India, New Delhi. It established 10+2 system in schools all over the country for the Government employees who use to effect posted or transferred in the country. It is good for the Central Government employees and schools are run on the medium of English from primary to twelfth standard. State Council of Educational Research and Training (SCERT) are set up in all the states to look after the training and research work on the lines of NCERT which is at all India level. Its refresher courses, even modifies the curriculum of the schools and textbooks arc written for the secondary level standard in the state. It also arranges seminars, discusses and refresher courses for the teaching staff. There are a number of educational institutions at the District level. A Distt. Officer/ Inspector of schools looks after the educational institutions in his/her district. He/She also coordinates the different activities upto the Commissioner, State level in each district. Under this scheme, a college (Inter) 10+2 on the Government expenses is to be spent in each District and other schools are under his observation. Besides, a training centre for Primary teachers, or other refresher courses also opened in the district. The recruitment institute for the teachers, examination centers and the Boards offices are also on the line, such as Minorities schools. Local educational institutions play an important role in the area of education. As our country is poor and cannot afford the heavy expenses of Educational institutions, local education body’s arc allowed opening their schools and Government recognizes these institutions at par with the Government institutions. Minority institutions have their own schools with their own expenses or Government grants in-aid. But they fill the gap and help the Government to reduce its burden.

An Medieval Poet - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 478 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/08/12 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Canterbury Tales Essay Did you like this example? Geoffrey Chaucer was an medieval poet who wrote The Canterbury Tales. A piece of medieval literature that consisted of pilgrims telling two tales on the way to Canterbury and two more on the way back. Whoever the Host decides that has told the most meaningful and entertaining story would receive a free meal upon their return. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "An Medieval Poet" essay for you Create order This literature was considered a masterpiece that provided the best modern image of the fourteenth century of England. The Canterbury Tales is made up of 120 tales but only 24 of those tales were completed. During his time, Geoffrey Chaucer was considered the greatest English poet. Each masterwork revealed an deeper meaning within. Reading The Canterbury Tales, you will see how Chaucer used allegories that exhibited the power of greed and selfsame sovereignty throughout this piece of literature. An allegory is an symbolic fictional narrative that conveys a meaning not specifically set forth in a narrative. Allegories may have meanings on two or more levels that the reader can understand only through an interpretive process. Literacy allegories typically describe situations and events or express abstract ideas in terms of material, objects, people, and actions. Writers may use an allegory to add different aspects of meanings to their work. It makes their stories and characters complex, so that they stand for something larger in meaning than what they literally stand for. An allegorical piece of writing can give an insight into its writers mind on how they view the world, and how they wish the world to be. The Canterbury Tales is an perfect example of an allegory. The Pardoners Tales illustrated the power of greed, and The Wife of Bath revealed selfsame sovereignty. The Pardoner from Chaucers Canterbury Tales, tells a story in the form of a sermon, an exemplum, to be exact. He intends to teach the congregation that money is the root of all evil. The Pardoners Tales, is about three rioters who go on a mission to seek death and kill him. Instead of finding death, an old man guided them to a tree which had gold beneath it. The gold symbolizes death because it led the rioters to sin and they became very greedy. They fought for the gold and tried to figure out plans on how to get the gold to themselves. In the text, one of the rioters says, If one could get the gold away, back to my house or else yours, perhaps so how you know, the gold is ours chaps, wed all be at the top of the fortune (L 23-24). The rioters wanted to steal the gold without having any concern about who it belonged to or how it got there. In the end, no one got what they wanted. The lesson learned behind the allegory, money is the root of all evil, is having self indulgence is not the way to live life.

A Comparative Analysis of American and Kenyan Cultures

Sex and Marriage, Money and Success: A Comparative Analysis of American and Kenyan Cultures In the history of human societies, geographic differences are considered to be a factor that led to different lifestyles, values and beliefs that prevailed and have been the distinct characteristic of specific societies in the world today. From a broader viewpoint, it can be said that Asian cultures differ from North American, European, South American, and African cultures. However, it can also be said that there are similarities between North American, European, and African cultures, in the same way that Asian, South American, and again, African cultures share specific values and beliefs. These similarities and differences demonstrate that we are different from each other in so many ways, but we also have similarities that link each individual with another, and ultimately, that we are interdependent with each other. This paper discusses in detail the differences between two cultures that seem to have different histories and heritage, but are, in specific ways, similar to each other as well. These cultures are the American and Kenyan cultures, and their point of comparison and contrast would be on the issues of money and success and sex and marriage. 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Gender Inequality In The Police - 1751 Words

Gender is assumed to be associated with our private parts, whether you’re a man or a woman is determined by your biological part at birth. However, this is not the case, gender is a fundamental social institution because it is reflected in everything we do. Our gender is determined by the way we interact in social settings. The roles you play in life and the way you interact with people shows your gender. This is known as accountability, you need to have the characteristics of the group you associate with. In this paper, I will be looking at gender inequality in the police. I will touch on the existing gender stereotypes that have led to the existing inequality in policing, how these stereotypes have led to the term ‘doing gender’ and how†¦show more content†¦This stereotype of female officers has been around for a long time and it builds upon a cultural tradition that women are inferior. (REF.) women in policing are seen as not conforming with their gend er, that is, they’re ‘doing gender’. â€Å"Doing gender refers to the idea of gender not being a trait or quality of an individual, but rather the product of daily social practices and behaviors that emphasize femininity and masculinity†. (REF.) So, behaving or thinking in a way that is feminine if you are female and masculine if you are male. â€Å"By focusing on the construction of gender, this approach makes visible how women ‘might be inadvertently participating in [their] own silencing in interactions with men’ (Smith, 2009: 76) and provides a way of thinking about how gendered nature of institutions can be changed—through agency and interaction†. There is one major critic to this approach though, it is given the term ‘doing difference’. 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Advertising Campaign - Free Sample Solution

Questions: 1. Define the objectives of your advertising campaign.2.Outline how you will prepare the advertising budget.3.Explain How you will Develop a Schedule.4.Create two different advertisements for the new product. Evaluate your two advertisements. Which one suits your needs better? Why? Answers: 1. Specific In the framework of the existing study, Ahn and Lim (2012) asserted that the management of Bubs operating in the Australian market needs to conduct a lucrative design of the campaign that can lead the brand to attain its goal of the time-specific period. The management of the enterprise is planning to increase its revenue margin by 5% over the next eight months. Through the advertising campaign, Bubs is planning to tap on the majority of the parents expected mothers. According to James (2006), mothers that have been already purchasing the infant baby products have already generated loyalty towards the products of the existing enterprise. Hence, the Bubs is planning to tap on the pregnant women and generate a fresh base of the customers. Within the tenure of next five months, the brand is planning to expand its product reach amongst within the retailer shops to attain its depicted target. Measurable In the opinion of Kng (2008), an inference can be drawn that the objectives for the campaign require being measurable by the pre-agreed upon the standards. Therefore, the marketing unit of the specific organisation is planning to enhance the reach of its new products with a speculated time period. Within the tenure of the next eight months, the brand is planning to increase 5% of its revenue margin. Therefore, the expected margin can be attainable only when the distributors and the number of the wholesalers would be increased. Achievable The brand has taken several marketing initiatives to spread the product awareness amongst the women that are expecting babies within the next eight months. In the circumstance of the current subject, Nuttall et al. (2016) asserted that the design of the overall campaign requires being loud and catchy to grab the attention of the primary target customers. Since, the brand is planning to expand its distributors and the also formulating the strategies of penetrating into the territories that are already captured by the competitors. Thus, prior launching the product, the brand needs to create a buzz in the market, which would increase the excitement amongst the target customers. Masters et al. (2015) specified that before the conduction of the advertising campaign, the Bubs require initiating a test marketing approach before the target audience. Based on the feedbacks of the target audience Bubs can plan on the advertisement campaign of Yum Hum. Realistic Bubs is a well-established brand in the Australian market. As per the statement of Ellis (2010), the enterprise has already developed its loyal base of audience, which signifies the fact that the resource strength of the enterprise is comparatively stronger. Therefore, the brand has already managed to distribute its older products both the online and offline marketing channels. The success margin of its previous products has already provided a thorough knowledge of the brand regarding the methods that can easily push the new product in the market and help the enterprise to increase its revenue margin by 5% within the tenure of the next eight months. Time Bound The marketing measures like the traditional advertising platforms, PR (Public Relationship) portfolio, radio jingle, logo design and endorsement of the child specialist would be sufficient for the products to attain a success within the speculated time frame. Ferrell and Hartline (2010) determined that the brand is planning to increase its revenue margin by 5% over the period of next eight months, through the support of the new baby food products. The majority of the marketing actions are conducted under the ATL (Above The Line) platforms. Therefore, the chances of attaining the revenue margin with the speculated time frame. 2. Firstly, the design of the brand logo would be done. In the similar context, Kishore Kumar and Anand (2013) mentioned that the logo design is an essential part of the brand. It is highly significant for of the brands to design the logo that helps make a brand recall over the target customers. Therefore, the logo design tends to enact as the significance aspects in serving the above purpose. In the Australian market, a fresh logo design costs between the ranges of AU$ 600 to 1000 (Stokes et al. 2011). The design of the logo within the range of AU$ 600 is highly simple and generic. However, Bubs is planning to leave a significant impact in the Australian market with the new Yum Hum product. Therefore, formulating the logo with a premium theme and with the standardised colour combination aspects might cost the brand with the total budget of AU$ 900. Secondly, a considerable figure would be invested in the radio jingle (Ridout, 2009). For the specific purpose, the brand requires investing a total budget of AU$ 6000. In the initial period, the jingle requires being created by the jingle producers. Moreover, an audio message needs to be recorder by a voice modulator. For the above purpose, the brand requires investing a total amount of AU$ 3000 (Fraze et al. 2007). The management has planned to ring the jingle on two popular radio stations for two consecutive weeks, and later the frequency of the ad would be reduced and continued for the tenure of 2 months. For the above effort, Bubs require investing a figure of AU$ 3000. Therefore, the total budget for the radio jingle would be AU$ 6,000. Thirdly, the PR measures can be taken to market the campaign through the digital platforms. Moreover, the conduction of the campaign is planned to be done through the ATL channels. In the framework of the specific subject, Shim et al. (2011) asserted that the PR content would be developed in different channels like the traditional marketing channels and the online platforms. Therefore, for the particular action, the total investment would round up to the figure of AU$ 3,000. The professional content design can create a buzz amongst the target customers. Furthermore, besides the physicians prescription, the mothers also get inclined towards the verbal communication of the other prospects (Shah and DSouza, 2008). Therefore, a professional content development in the majority of the marketing platforms can push the new products into the viral promotion. Finally, the marketing manager of Bubs has planned to initiate a physician endorsement. Since, the mothers present a typical attitude towards the food products of the children; therefore, the involvement of the child specialist into the ad campaign would be highly beneficial. In the Australian market, the physician endorsement cost between the average range of AU$ 10,000 to 50,000. Therefore, the marketing unit has planned to involve the physician only for 10 seconds in the commercialised ad. For the specific involvement, Bubs would invest a budget of AU$ 35,000. Hence, the total budget for the advertisement campaign would be AU$ 44, 900 Campaign components Budget Logo design AU$ 900 Radio jingle AU$ 6,000 PR (Public Relationship) portfolio AU$ 3,000 Endorsement AU $35, 000 Total budget AU$44, 900 Table 1: Advertising budget (Source: Self-developed) 3. Commercial advertisements: The mothers that have infants stay back home for the first six months. According to Struthers and Wang (2016), the mothersbasically prefers to spend the leisure time by watching the daily soaps. Therefore, it would be a wise effort to display the ad in the commercialised channels. The ads would be placed for the 20 seconds in the channels. The ads would be displayed in the afternoon and the evening viewing hours. In the afternoon time, the mothers have the tendency of watching television for maximum two consecutive hours. Thus, the timing would be from 1 pm 3 pm. The evening time the t6arget audience prefer spending the maximum time in the commercialised channels, thus, at least the ad would be displayed for 4 hours. The display time would be between 7 pm 11 pm. Radio jingle: The radio jingle is designed specifically for both the mothers and fathers. The mothers' tuning time into the radio is highly freckle (Ferrell and Hartline, 2010). Therefore, it would be a complex action for the marketing unit of Bubs to place the jingle by figuring out the time when the mothers turn on the radio stations. According to Fraze et al. (2007), the Nova 919 and Hot Country FM 89.3 are the best-rated radio stations in Australia. Therefore, the marketing manager of the specific brand has planned to promote the jingle in the particular stations. Since figuring out the radio turning times of the mothers is difficult. Therefore, Bubs would be targeting on the fathers. The jingle would be tuned during the evening time when the business people return the home. The survey conducted by the previous researchers reflects that the majority of the business class prefer to listen to the radio stations while returning from office. Therefore, the jingle would be a 30 second s composition, which would be tuned between 7 pm 9 pm. Digital platforms: The PR content would be developed after every two weeks intervals. The social networking sites like Facebook and Twitter would be the primary choice for the display of the ad campaign. The traffic of Facebook is greater than Twitter, therefore, initially the ad in the specific platform would be displayed after two consecutive days. After which the tenure would increase to 4 days and then twice in a week. In the Twitter, the marketing unit would be persistent in twitting the ad for once in a week. Moreover, the e-commerce sites that already make the B2C (Business to Customer) transaction would be approached by the brand to display the pop-up ads. 4. The advertisements are designed influentially to attract the target groups. As per the opinion of Postellon (2008), it is crucial to make a campaign more compelling, for which a proper identification of the target group is necessary. This step helps any organisation to achieve a systematic approach of penetration. There is a need to inform the target groups about the product. So a tricky advertisement has to be prepared to influence the audiences (Masters et al. 2015). To create an impact on the company two themes of advertisement are made. The first publication includes a female model who is promoting the product, where the uses are mentioned so that the utility can be inferred. In the second case, the advertisement shows that a mother is visiting a doctor's clinic to get information about a suitable food product for the baby. The doctor suggests the mother to use the Yum Hum regularly, which helps the baby to grow healthily. The contact numbers would also be included for a furth er gathering of information. After a careful evaluation of the two advertisements, it is inferred that the second one is much better than the first one. The reason behind this rationale is that in the second case, the mother is visiting a doctor's place which shows a systematic and clinical approach. The audiences would easily get fascinated by the suggestive nature of the advertisement by the physician. The parents found the product more authentic and safe for the kids. Modernisation has made the audiences smarter, enough to make a sharp judgement about the product as soon as the add comes into view. So conservative measures have to be undertaken so as to push the audiences to make an instant buying decision. According to the opinion of Zhang and Gao (2009), nowadays the focus is more concentrated on the value and quality, which is empowered by the doctor's statement in this case. Market penetration is viable with an advertisement, which would have a positive, informative and reasoned impact on the target audie nces (Shah and Dsouza, 2008). Furthermore, the campaign also includes a clear call-to-action i.e. "call us facility". Including a doctor in promotional activity attaches the relevancy, which is associated with an authority aspect. In addition to this, the reports are also evident that 61% of people would prefer to choose baby products that include doctors in the ad campaign. The discussions, which took place between the physician and the mother in the advertisement puts an emotional impact on the audiences. Additionally, the add also relates the target groups to the real circumstances that somehow fabricate a sense of relief to the parents. Reference: Ahn, S. and Lim, Y. (2012) Design of commercial ads dissemination system in vehicular environments, IETE Technical Review, 29(3), p. 248. Ellis, N. (2010)Business-to-business marketing: Relationships, networks and strategies. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Ferrell, O.C. and Hartline, M.D. (2010)Marketing management strategies. 5th edn. Boston, MA, United States: South-Western, Cengage Learning. Fraze, J.L., Rivera-Trudeau, M. and McElroy, L. (2007) Applying behavioral theories to a social marketing campaign,Social Marketing Quarterly, 13(1), pp. 214. James, T. (2006) Baby steps to a profitable [baby feeding products], Manufacturing Engineer, 85(4), pp. 1419. Kishore Kumar, P. and Anand, B. (2013) Green marketing: Theory, practice, and strategies,Indian Journal of Marketing, 43(1), p. 54. Kng, L. (2008) The Internet and the mass media. Edited by Lucy Kung, Robert G. Picard, and Ruth Towse. Los Angeles: Sage Publications. Masters, K., Gibbs, T. and Sandars, J. (2015) How to make an effective e-poster, MedEdPublish, . Nuttall, A., Kochenderfer, M. and Close, S. (2016) Detection of hypervelocity impact radio-frequency pulses through prior constrained source separation, Radio Science, . Postellon, D.C. (2008) Baby care products, PEDIATRICS, 121(6), pp. 12921292. Ridout, T.N. (2009) Campaign Microtargeting and the relevance of the televised political ad, The Forum, 7(2). Shah, K. and DSouza, A. (2008) Advertisement and promotions an IMC perspective 1st edition. New Delhi: India Higher Education. Shim, J.K., Siegel, J.G. and Shim, A.I. (2011) Budgeting basics and beyond (Wiley corporate FA). 4th edn. United States: Wiley, John Sons. Stokes, R., Quirk, the M. of, Blake, S. and Education, Q. (2011)Emarketing: The essential guide to digital marketing (4th edition). 4th edn. South Africa: Quirk eMarketing. Struthers, A. and Wang, M. (2016) Buzz agents in a teen-driven social marketing campaign: Positive campaign attitude leads to positive changes in health outcomes,Social Marketing Quarterly, 22(3), pp. 218235. Zhang, X. and Gao, X. (2009) An analysis of conceptual metaphor in western commercial advertisements, Asian Social Science, 5(12).